placed before the letter they accent and are only used in the same situations in
which dot 4 is currently shown. Foreign language instructional material would use
the proper accented letter symbols for that language. Examples:
acute over letter
Fiancée
,fianc^/ee
umlaut over letter:
spätzel
sp^3atzel
grave over letter:
très chic
tr^*es *ic
cedilla under letter
François
,fran^&cois
tilde over letter
Señorita
,se^]norita
Formatting
There are no UEB-Specific rules regarding placement of headings, page numbers,
blank lines, indention, preliminary pages, reference notes, and the like. Therefore,
the use of UEB will not cause the placement of these items to change.
What Else
Many additional symbols which could be encountered in literary contexts can be
represented in UEB. For example, Greek letters, diacritics, and shape symbols can
be shown. There are also methods providing flexibility to show other types of font
attributes if needed. For example, words can be shown to be printed in a specific
color or deleted (strikethrough). Items such as these may be needed only rarely
by the general reader, but students reading their school textbooks in braille
encounter them often.
How Symbols Are Made
Every braille symbol has a root. Some symbols have prefixes in addition to the
root. A symbol can have more than one prefix, but only one root. Certain dot
combinations are only ever prefixes, not roots.
Prefixes: 4, 45, 456, 46, 56, 6.
In current literary braille, the root and prefix principle is followed to some extent,
but is not strictly observed, which can cause ambiguity and limit the ability to
construct new symbols. For example, in current literary braille, the closing single
quotation mark and the emphasis indicator (italic sign) do not follow the principle.
The current single quotation mark quote is made of two characters that are usually
roots; the single italics sign is only a prefix.
Overview of Changes from Current Literary Braille to UEB; BANA, March 2013
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