VIDBE-Q 2025 Volume 70 Issue 4
Participants
In total, 34 youth with visual impairments ages 6-17 participated in data
collection. All children were enrolled in a summer camp for children with visual
impairments, lasting three to seven days, in one of three camp programs located
around the United States. Returning participants, or those who had previously
attended the same camp or other similar camps in the past, comprised 44.1% of the
sample (15 athletes), while 50% of participants (17 athletes) had never attended the
same camp or other similar camps in the past. Two participants chose to complete
surveys anonymously and are of unknown prior participation status. Besides visual
impairments, eight participants had additional disabilities, such as Down syndrome
or autism. Participants who attended more than one camp program involved in this
research project completed the survey and questionnaires at the first of these camps
they attended for the summer. Two participants only provided qualitative data and
did not complete any Likert scale questions.
Setting
Depending on the specific program participants attended, athletes were
exposed to sports such as swimming, beep baseball, goalball, hiking/orienteering,
skateboarding, canoeing, field hockey, rugby, volleyball, soccer, strength training,
cross-country running, rock climbing and lawn games. Time dedicated to each
sport included instruction from health and physical educators, blind athletes, and
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