VIDBE-Q Volume 67 Issue 3
differences in the development of these skills but rather compare students with VI
to sighted student normative expectations. This can cause the information produced
by these tasks and forms to be irrelevant or even useless for those who wish to
support students with VI.
At the instructional level, assessment is the first step in understanding an
individual student's needs. This article introduces the EF skills and EF assessment
tools available, discusses their limitations for students with VI, and poses a process
by which teachers can create functional tasks to informally assess the EF of their
students with VI as a basis for planning instruction and support.
Understanding EF Skills
EF is an umbrella term, meaning it includes many skills. Table 1 lists typical
skills, their definitions, and examples, that are referred to under the term EF and
assessed on the BRIEF- 2 (Gioia et al., 2015), a commonly used rating scale of EF.
